人教版初中英语七年级下册辅导课程

  • 名称:人教版初中英语七年级下册辅
  • 分类:初一课程  
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  • 时间:2022/7/22 13:37:33

新目标英语七年级下册知识点总结

Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?

1,情态动词+V原  can do= be able to do

2,Play+ the+ 乐器

       +球类,棋类

3,join 参加社团、组织、团体

4,4个说的区别:say+内容

                 Speak+语言

                 Talk 谈论 talk about sth   talk with sb   talk to sb

                 Tell 告诉,讲述 tell sb (not)to do sth

                                Tell stories/ jokes

5,want= would like +(sb)to do sth

6,4个也的区别:too 肯定句末 (前面加逗号)

                 Either否定句末(前面加逗号)

                 Also 行前be 后

                 As well 口语中(前面不加逗号)

7,be good at+ V-ing=do well in 擅长于

   be good for 对…有益  (be bad for对…有害)

   be good to 对…友好  (good 可用friendly,nice,kind替换)

   be good with和…相处好=get on/ along well with

8,特殊疑问句的构成:疑问词+一般疑问句

9,How/ what about+V-ing   …怎么样?(表建议)

10,感官动词(look, sound, taste, smell, feel)+adj/ like

11,选择疑问句:回答不能直接用Yes或者No,要从中选择一个回答

12,students wanted for school show(wanted表示招募,含有被动意义)

13,show sth to sb=show sb sth     give sth to sb=give sb sth

14,help sb (to)do sth

Help sb with sth

With sb’s help= with the help of sb

Help oneself to 随便享用

15,be busy doing sth/ be busy with sth

16,need to do sth

17,be free= have time

18,have friends= make friends

19,call sb at +电话号码

20,on the weekend= on weekends

21,English-speaking students 说英语的学生(带有连词符,有形容词性质)

22,do kung fu表演功夫

Unit 2 What time do you go to school?

1,问时间用what time或者when

At+钟点    at 7 o’clock      at noon/ at night(during/ in the day)

On+ 具体某天、星期、特指的一天   on April 1st   on Sunday   on a cold winter morning

In +年、月、上午、下午、晚上

2,时间读法:顺读法

             逆读法:分钟≤30用past    five past eight(8:05) half past eight(8:30)

                     分钟>30用to      a quarter to ten(9:45)

             整点用 …o’clock     7 o’clock(7:00)

3,3个穿的区别:wear 表状态,接服装、手套、眼镜、香水等

                Put on 表动作,接服装

                Dress 表动作,接sb/ oneself         get dressed穿衣

3,感叹句:How+adj+主谓!

           How+adj+a/an +n单+主谓!

           What+ a/an +adj+ n单+主谓!

           What+ adj+ n复/ 不可数+主谓!

4,from…to…

5,be/ arrive late for

6,频度副词(行前be 后)

Always  usually   often   sometimes  seldom  hardly  never

7,一段时间前面要用介词for    for half an hour    for five minutes

8,eat/ have… for breakfast/ lunch/ dinner/ supper

9,either…or

10,a lot of=lots of

11,it is +adj+for sb +to do sth (adj修饰to do sth)It is important for me to learn English.

it is +adj+of sb +to do sth (adj修饰sb) It is kind/ friendly/ nice of you to help me.

Unit 3 How do you get to school?

1,疑问词

   How 如何(方式)

how long 多长(时间)答语常用“(For/ about +)时间段”

how far多远(距离)答语常用“(It’s +)数词 +miles/ meters/ kilometers”

how often多久一次(频率)答语常用“Always/ often/ every day/…”或 “次数+时间”等表频率的状语

How soon多快,多久以后,常用在将来时中。答语常用“in +时间段”

how many多少(接可数名词)   how much(接不可数名词)

why为什么(原因)  what什么   when何时  

who谁 whom谁(宾格)(针对宾语提问也可用who)  whose谁的

2,宾语从句要用陈述句语序

3,Stop sb from doing sth

Stop to do 停下来去做其他事

Stop doing 停止正在做的事

4,what do you think of/ about…?= how do you like…?你认为…怎么样?

5,He is 11 years old.

He is an 11-year-old boy.

6,many students= many of the students

7,be afraid of sth     be afraid to do sth     worry about      be worried about 担心

8,play with sb

9,come true

10,have to do sth

11,he is like a father to me (like像)

12,leave离开    leave for 出发前往某地

13,cross 是动词    across是介词

14,thanks for +n/ V-ing

Thanks for your help/ thanks for helping me.

Thanks for your invitation/ thanks for inviting/ asking me.

Thanks to幸亏,由于,因为

15,4个花费:人+spend/ spends/ spent+时间/钱+(in)doing sth/ on sth

            人+pay/ pays/ paid +钱+for sth

            It takes/ took sb +时间+to do sth

            物+cost/ costs/ cost +sb +钱

16,交通方式

●用介词。在句子中做方式状语。

①by +交通工具名词(中间无需任何修饰)

By bus/ bike/ car/ taxi/ ship/ boat/ plane/ subway/ train……

②by +交通路线的位置

By land/ water/ sea/ air

③in/ on +冠词/物主代词/指示代词 +交通工具名词

In a/ his/ the car

On a/ his/ the bus/ bike/ship/ train/ horse/ motorbike

④on foot 步行

●用动词。在句子中做谓语。

①take + a/ the +交通工具名词

take a bus/ plane/ ship/ train 

ride a bike

②walk/ drive/ ride/ fly to……(后面接here,there,home等地点副词时,省略介词to。)如步行回家:walk home

17,名词所有格

一般情况加’s          Tom’s pen

以s结尾加’    the teachers’ office     ten days’ holiday

表示几个人共同拥有,在最后一个名词后加’s    Mike and John’s desk

表示每个人各自拥有,在每个名词后加’s        Mike’s and John’s desks

Unit 4 Don’t eat in class.

1,祈使句(变否定在句首+don’t)

Be型(be +表语),否定形式:don’t + be +表语        Be quiet,please.   Don’t be late!

Do型(实义动词+其他),否定形式:don’t +实义动词+其他

Come here,please.   Don’t play football here.

Let型(let sb do sth),否定形式:don’t + let sb do sth或者let sb not do sth

   No+n/ V-ing   No photos /mobile;No parking/ smoking/ spitting/ talking/ picking of flowers

2,in class在课堂上    in the classroom 在教室

3,be on time准时

4,listen to music

5,(have a)fight with sb

7,eat outside

8,Must 与have to 

(1)must 表示说话人主观上的看法,意为“必须”。 have to 表示客观的需要或责任,意为“不得不,必须”,后接动词原词。

(2)must没有人称,时态和数的变化Have to 有人称,数,时态的变化,其第三人称单数形式为 has to ,过去式为had to. 构成否定句或疑问句时借助动词do/ does。

(3)have to的否定式是needn’t=don’t / doesn’t have to (不必要);must的否定式是must not/ mustn’t(一定不能,不允许)。

9,Some of…   

10,bring…to…

11,practice (doing)sth

12,wash/ do the dishes

13,on school days/ nights

14,break/ follow(obey)the rules

15,Be strict with sb/ oneself       be strict in sth对……严格。

16,too many“太多”修饰可数名词复数

too much“太多”修饰不可数名词

much too“实在太”修饰形容词或副词

17,make one’s/ the bed

18,get to, arrive in/at, reach,到达(如果后面接地点的副词home,here或there ,就不用介词in ,at, to)

19,remember/ forget+to do要做

                  +doing做过

20,have fun,enjoy oneself,have a good/ great/ wonderful time+V-ing

Unit 5 Why do you like pandas?

1,回答why的提问要用because

2,Kind of 相当于副词,修饰形容词或副词,意为“稍微,有点”,与a little/ bit 相近

A kind of 意为“一种”,some kinds of 意为“几种”,all kinds of 意为“各种各样的”。这里的kind 是“种,类,属”的意思。

3,Why not =Why don’t you+V原   你为什么不…?

4,walk on one’s legs/ hands    on 意为“用…方式行走”

5,all day =the whole day整天

6,来自be/ come from    where do they come from?=where are they from?

7,more than=over超过     less than 少于

8,once    twice    three times

9,be in great danger

10,one of…     …之一  +名词复数

11,get lost

12,with/ without  有/ 没有    介词

13,a symbol of

14,由…制造 be made of能看出原材料

             be made from 看不出原材料

             be made in+地点   表产地

15,cut down 砍到   动副结构(代词必须放中间,名词可放中间或者后面)

Unit 6 I’m watching TV.

1,现在进行时

其结构为be的现在式(am, is, are)+ 现在分词(V-ing)。

否定形式在be后面加not,疑问式将be动词提前

2,动词-ing形式的构成:

一般情况+ing;以不发音的e结尾的,去e加ing;重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母再加ing

3,go to the movies

4,join sb for sth与某人一起做某事    join us for dinner

5,live with sb        live in+地点

6,other,another与the other

Other “其他的,另外的”,后接名词复数,有时other+n复数=others

Another “又一(个),另一(个)”,泛指总数为三个或三个以上中的任意一个,后接名词单数。

The other“(两者中的)另一个”,常与one连用,“one…the other…”表示“一个…,另一个…”

7,talk on the phone

8,wish to do sth

9,Here is+ n单      Here are+ n 复

Unit 7 It’s raining!

1.询问天气的表达方式:

How’s the weather?            It’s a raining/sunny day.     It’s raining.

What’s the weather like?        It’s windy.

2,play computer games

3,How’s it/ everything going?=How have you been?

4,In/ at the park

5,Take a message for sb 替人留言

Leave a message to sb 给人留言

6,call sb back

7,right now,right away,at once,in a minute,in a moment,in no time 立刻,马上

8,right now现在         just now刚刚(用于一般过去式)

9,over and over again

10,the answer to the question,a key to the door,a ticket to the ball game

11,by the pool

12,summer vacation

13,go on a vacation去度假    be on a vacation在度假

14,write (a letter)to sb

15,反意疑问句(陈述句+附加疑问句)

反意疑问句中,陈述句用的肯定,后面的附加疑问句就要用否定;相反,陈述句用的否定,附加疑问句就要用肯定。

16,adj  以-ing结尾“令人…的”exciting,interesting,relaxing

        以-ed结尾“人感到…的”excited,interested,relaxed

17,in the first picture

18,dry干燥的     humid潮湿的

Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?

1,There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.

     There are +复数名词+地点状语. 

      谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致(就近原则)。

   There be句型的否定式在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同:not是副词,no为形容词,not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.

There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首

There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”;have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”

2,问路:①Is/ Are there ……near here/ around here/ in the neighborhood?

②Where is/ are……?

③How can I get to……?

④Could/Can you tell me the way to……

⑤Which is the way to……

3,Across,cross,through,over

Across是介词,“横过,在对面”表示从物体表面穿过 

Cross是动词,相当于go/ walk across

Through是介词,表示从物体中间或里面穿过 go through the door

Over是介词,“横过,越过”表示从物体上空越过,跨过 fly over

4,ask for help/ advice

5,in/ on the street

6,在某条大街上习惯用介词on   on Bridge Street

7,across from,next to,between…and…,behind

8,in front of在…(外部的)前面→behind在…后面    in the front of在…(内部的)前面

9,be in town→be out of town

10,be far from

11,go/ walk along    go straight     go up/ down

12,turn left/right

13,on one’s/ the left

14,at the first crossing/ turning

15,sometimes 有时(频度副词)   sometime(将来)有朝一日,(曾经)某天 

Some times 几次,几倍     some time 一段时间(前面用介词for)

16,free 空闲的  free time

        自由的  as free as a fish

        免费的  The best things in life are free.

17,enjoy doing

18,Time goes quickly.

19,表“一些”在肯定句中用some. 在疑问句和否定句中用any。

特殊用法:some可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中。

any也可用于肯定句中,表示"任何的"。

Unit 9 What does he look like?

1,what does he look like?询问人长什么样,回答:①主语+be+形容词/ 介词短语(he is tall/ of medium height);②主语+have/has+形容词+名词(she has long hair)

what does sb like?询问某人喜欢什么

2,多个形容词修饰名词

   多个形容词修饰名词,一般关系近的靠近名词;音节少的在前,音节多的在后。

 限定词+数词(序前基后)+描绘性形容词+大小、长短、高低+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词

3,May be 为情态动词+动词原形,在句子中做谓语,maybe是副词,表示可能,大概,一般放在句首。

4,a little,little修饰不可数名词,a little表示一点点,little表示几乎没有

   a few,few修饰可数名词,a few表示一点点,few表示几乎没有

5, Find 强调找到的结果,look for 强调寻找的过程.

6,问职业:what do you do?=what is your job?

7,the same as→be different

8,long straight brown hair

9,最后in the end(表事情结局)finally(强调次序)at last(强调经多番努力终于达成)

   By the end of 直到……为止

  At the end of在……末端/尽头

   

Unit 10 I’d like some noodles.

1,名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词(不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数)。

可数名词又分单数和复数。一般+s;以-s,-x,-ch,sh结尾的名词+es;辅音+y,把y变i,再+es;以-o结尾的,有生命的+es(negro—negroes;hero—heroes;tomato—tomatoes;potato—potatoes);无生命的+s;⑤以f,fe 结尾的名词,改f,fe为v+es(leaf—leaves;knife—knives)(例外:roofs,chiefs)⑥单复数同形:sheep,deer.不规则变化:man—men;woman—women;child—children;foot—feet;tooth—teeth等

2,would like sth. 想要某物

Would you like some …? 你想要一些……吗? ——Yes, please./ ——No, thanks. 

would like to do sth. “想要做某事”。

Would you like to … ? 你愿意去做……吗? 

—Yes, I’d like / love to./—I’d like/ love to. But I’m too busy.

would like sb to do sth “想要某人做某事”。

3,order:order food    take/ have one’s order

         In order to为了

         In the order按顺序

         Order/ book a room 预定房间

         Order sb(not)to do sth命令

4,special和especial

Special特别的人或事物,特别的,特殊的,specials特色菜;specially专门地,特地

Especial特别的,突出的,especially特别,尤其

5, the number of表示“……的数量”,后面接可数名词复数。做主语时,主语是number而不是of后面的名词复数,因此谓语动词要用单数;

a number of表示“许多”,相当于many, 后面接可数名词复数,做主语时,主语不是number而是of后面的名词复数,因此谓语动词要用复数。

Number前可用large,great,small修饰,不能用little。

6,仍然,还:still(肯定句)

             Yet(疑问句、否定句)

7,one bowl of      two bowls of

8,what size(+n)would you like?   Large/ medium/ small

9,what kind of

10,大:big 体格大、笨重→small,little   形容具体的人或物

        Huge物体体积巨大=very big

        Large物体面积、空间、范围、数量大→small    不修饰人

        Great重大事件或行为,伟大,具有感情色彩

11,肯定句中表并列用and         否定句、疑问句中表并列用or

12,around the world= all over the world

13,make a wish                                     14,blow out

15,in/ at one go         16,get popular

17,cut up(动副结构)

18,bring good luck to

19,different kinds of

20,be short of缺乏

Unit 11 How was your school trip?

1,一般过去时

基本结构:主语+动词过去式+其他;

否定形式:①was / were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原动词;

一般疑问句:①Was/Were+主语+其他?②Did+主语+动词原形+其他?

2,动词过去式规则变化:直接加ed;以不发音e结尾的单词,直接加d;以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加ed;以元音字母+y结尾的,直接加ed;以重读闭音节结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母+ed

不规则变化的动词过去式(见书本最后一页)

3,How was your school trip?= what was your school trip like?

4,Go for a walk

5,Milk a cow

6,Ride a horse

7,Quite a lot

8,Show sb around

9,并列谓语的时态和数必须一致。

10,In the countryside

11,after that

12,come out

13,go on school trip

14,along the way

15,buy/ get sb sth= buy/ get sth for sb

16,all in all

17,否定转移(主语为第一人称I 或者we时)think,believe,suppose 

18,be interested in +n/ v-ing

19,not at all

20,diary entry

21,Something意为“某事,有些事”;

anything意为“任何事,任何东西”;

everything意为“每一件事”(其后的谓语动词要用单数);

nothing意为“没事,什么事都没有”。

Unit 12 What did you do last weekend?

1,go+V-ing与do some +V-ing

go+V-ing表示“去从事某种活动”(一般指户外)go shopping/ swimming/ skating/ dancing/ skiing/ climbing/ camping/ hiking……

do some +V-ing 表示“从事某种活动”(一般指室内)do some writing/ washing/ cooking/ cleaning/ reading……

2,go to the cinema

3,camp by the lake

4,study for a test     study for the English test

5,work as a guide

6,living habits

7,stay up late

8,shout at sb 因生气或愤怒向某人吼叫;

shout to sb 对某人大声叫喊,目的是让人听见

9,run away

10,fly a kite

11,adj修饰不定代词 adj要放后面   something important,anything interesting

12,take sb to…  带某人去……

13,put up tents

14,make a fire

15,on the first night

16,each other

17,get a terrible surprise

18,finish doing

19,look out of…从……朝外看(window,door……)

look out at sth 向外眺望……

look out for 留神、注意、小心、关心

20,feel/ watch/ see/ hear sb do sth强调整个过程

feel/ watch/ see/ hear sb doing sth强调动作正在进行

21,jump up and down

22,wake up

23,so +adj +that +结果状语从句“如此……以致……”

    eg:I was so busy that I didn’t go to sleep for 3 days.

The weather was so cold that they had to stay at home.

The coat is so expensive that I don’t want to buy it.

so that 引导目的状语从句,以便,为了(in order to)

eg:they got up early so that they could catch the early bus.

        I raise my voice so that I can make myself heard.